Background: Radiation exposure is harmful for health-care providers as well as patients. It may have Abstract deleterious effect on the somatic cells and genetic cells. For the protection of staff in radio diagnostic centre, patients, and the general public from the harmful effects of excessive radiation, doses received by the staff of department should be monitored regularly.The present studyaimed at assessment of knowledgeand attitude of medical studentstowards the radiation exposure in radiology department. Material and Methods:The study was conducted in the medical institute. The approval for conducting study was obtained from the ethical committee of the institute. The study population comprised of 1st to 5th year medical students (n=634) and to a control group, year 0 [1st year medical students (n = 142) on their first week at medical school]. A questionnaire was given to the study population and control group at the end of the academic year. Results: The target population (Years 1–5 and Year 0) included 776 medical students. Of this group, 690 medical students completed the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 89%. Two hundred and ninety eight students were female and three hundred and ninety two students were male, resulting in a 57%: 43% male to female ratio. The study population performed much better than the control group with mean scores of 57% and 37%, respectively (p < 0.001). Mean scores improved with the number of years completed successfully in medical school with each successive class outperforming the year below (e.g. Year 4 did better than Year 3, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The mean scores of the students from the multiple choice questionnaire framed to assess the students are increased with successive increase in each academic year of the student. Keywords: Medical students, Radiation damage, Radiation protection